RESUME
EDUCATION / Qualification: - 1950: Stood first in BA (Hons), Economics, Punjab University, Chandigarh
- 1952; Stood first in MA (Economics), Punjab University , Chandigarh ,
- 1954; Wright's Prize for distinguished performance at St John's College, Cambridge,
- 1955 and 1957; Wrenbury scholar, University of Cambridge ,
- 1957; DPhil ( Oxford ), DLitt (Honoris Causa); PhD thesis on India 's export competitiveness
OCCUPATION / Teaching Experience: - Professor (Senior lecturer, Economics, 1957-59;
- Reader, Economics, 1959-63;
- Professor, Economics, Punjab University , Chandigarh , 1963-65;
- Professor, International Trade, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi,1969-71
- Honorary professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University ,New Delhi,1976 and Delhi
- Schoolof Economics, University of Delhi ,1996 and Civil Servant
Working Experience / POSITIONS:: - 1971-72: Economic advisor, ministry of foreign trade
- 1972-76: Chief economic advisor, ministry of finance
- 1976-80: Director, Reserve Bank of India
- Director, Industrial Development Bank of India;
- Alternate governor for India, Board of governors, Asian Development Bank;
- Alternate governor for India, Board of governors, IBRD
- November 1976 - April 1980: Secretary, ministry of finance (Department of economic affairs);
- Member, finance, Atomic Energy Commission; Member, finance, Space Commission
- April 1980 - September 15, 1982 : Member-secretary, Planning Commission
- 1980-83: Chairman , India Committee of the Indo-Japan joint study committee
- September 16, 1982 - January 14, 1985 : Governor, Reserve Bank of India .
- 1982-85: Alternate Governor for India Board of governors, International Monetary Fund
- 1983-84: Member, economic advisory council to the Prime Minister
- 1985: President, Indian Economic Association
- January 15, 1985 - July 31, 1987 : Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission
- August 1, 1987 - November 10, 19! 90: Secretary-general and commissioner, south commission, Geneva
- December 10, 1990 - March 14, 1991 : Advisor to the Prime Minister on economic affairs
- March 15, 1991 - June 20, 1991 : Chairman, UGC
- June 21, 1991 - May 15, 1996 : Union finance minister
- October 1991: Elected to Rajya Sabha from Assam on Congress ticket
- June 1995: Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
- 1996 onwards: Member, Consultative Committee for the ministry of finance
- August 1, 1996 - December 4, 1997: Chairman, Parliamentary standing committee on commerce
- March 21, 1998 onwards: Leader of the Opposition, Rajya Sabha
- June 5, 1998 onwards: Member, committee on finance
- August 13, 1998 onwards: Member, committee on rules
- Aug 1998-2001: Member, committee of privileges 2000 onwards: Member, executive committee, Indian parliamentary group
- June 2001: Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
- Aug 2001 onwards: Member, general purposes committee
BOOKS: - India's Export Trends and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth Clarendon Press, Oxford University , 1964;
- Also published large number of articles in various economic journals.
OTHER ACCOMPLISHMENTS: - Adam Smith Prize, University of Cambridge , 1956
- Padma Vibhushan, 1987
- Euro money Award, Finance Minister of the Year, 1993;
- Asia money Award, Finance Minister of the Year for Asia, 1993 and 1994
INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNMENTS:
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